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Alex Diaz-Papkovich, Luke Anderson-Trocme, Simon Gravel (McGill University, Montreal, Canada.)
From left-to-right and top-to-bottom, we add more genetic data and observe the patterns that develop in a cohort of 488,377 genotyped individuals from the UK Biobank. Beginning with a matrix of the number of non-reference alleles, the data is transformed using principal components analysis. Then, we take the leading components and transform them down to two dimensions using UMAP. By gradually adding more components to the transformation, and colouring by available data, we reveal stunning and complex patterns. Here we colour each point by the individual's self-declared ethnic background and illustrate the rich diversity between and within populations. Other colourings in our research include phenotypes such as height, FEV1, and white blood cell counts, and data such as geographical coordinates. Number of leading principal components used, from left-to-right and top-to-bottom: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40.