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Leonid Zaslavsky, Vyacheslav Chetvernin, Boris Fedorov, Boris Kiryutin, Alexandre Souvorov, Igor Tolstoy, and Tatiana Tatusova (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20894, USA)
Bacterial genomes in public archives represent a large collection of genomes with different levels of sequence and assembly quality, including a number of very closely related genomes, usually of human pathogens, whose organization and gene content can be directly compared. A pan-genome, as a set of gene families of related genomes, contains families appearing with very different frequencies: from core genome to dispensable genome. It is beneficial to compare different parts of the pan-genome separately since closely related strains surviving across a broad range of ecologies demonstrate dramatic differences in dispensable parts. NCBI has developed several tools for comparative analysis and visualization of prokaryotic genomes at various levels of diversity. Our integrated system includes: quality assessment of genome assemblies using various metrics, organizing bacterial strains into robust phylogenetic clades, and protein clustering within clades for pan-genome construction. The visualization includes aggregated trees for showing clades for each phylum, pan-genome statistics for each clade and an interactive tool to compare selected genomes with respect to their gene content.