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Maria Secrier, Reinhard Schneider (European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany)
Connecting genetic and phenotypic information in the context of temporal variation is an ongoing challenge in systems biology. We introduce PhenoTimer, a visualization tool for mapping time-resolved phenotypic links in a genotypic context. We illustrate its capabilities on analyzing dynamic regulation of subprocesses along cell cycle and evolutionary time scales. First, we look at the projection of the phenotypic space of cell division defects unto the temporal landscape of the cell cycle. By visualizing patterns of these time-driven events in relation to overrepresented GO terms, we can get substantial insight into the key triggers of phenotypic changes and generate hypotheses about gene co-activation/co-regulation or participation in the same pathway. Second, to get an evolutionary perspective of timing in the cell cycle, we analyze how transcriptional activation levels compare in different organisms and identify temporal hotspots of novel activation events in human. PhenoTimer helps create a time-encoded mapping of gene-phenotype interactions, for a better interpretation of how a system’s dynamics can shape the morphology and interaction topology of the cell.